Basic Connectives and Truth Tables, Logic Equivalence – The Laws of Logic, Logical Implication – Rules of Inference. The Use of Quantifiers, Quantifiers, Definitions and the Proofs of Theorems
Mathematical Induction, The Well Ordering Principle – Mathematical Induction, Recursive Definitions. Fundamental Principles of Counting: The Rules of Sum and Product, Permutations, Combinations – The Binomial Theorem, Combinations with Repetition.
Cartesian Products and Relations, Functions – Plain and One-to-One, Onto Functions. The Pigeonhole Principle, Function Composition and Inverse Functions. Properties of Relations, Computer Recognition – Zero-One Matrices and Directed Graphs, Partial Orders – Hasse Diagrams, Equivalence Relations and Partitions.
The Principle of Inclusion and Exclusion, Generalizations of the Principle, Derangements – Nothing is in its Right Place, Rook Polynomials. Recurrence Relations: First Order Linear Recurrence Relation, The Second Order Linear Homogeneous Recurrence Relation with Constant Coefficients.
Definitions and Examples of Particular Groups Klein 4-group, Additive group of Integers modulo n,
Multiplicative group of Integers modulo-p and permutation groups, Properties of groups, Subgroups,
cyclic groups, Cosets, Lagrange’s Theorem
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